Andorra

Andorra is a landlocked principality sandwiched in the Pyrenees between France and Spain. As such, it cannot produce hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater. However, it does have a Secretary of State for Energy Transition, Transport and Mobility.

IPCC AR6 Statistics

IPCC AR6 Assessment Report Observed adverse impacts are concentrated among economically and socially marginalized urban residents. The International Energy Agency reports that in 2024 energy-related CO2 emissions hit an all-time high of 37.8 Gt CO2.

Fig. 4 – Cascading Turbines

It’s generally more efficient to have a single, larger generator at the bottom of the mountain than a series of smaller cascading generators. Here’s why: However, there are some potential advantages to a cascading system in specific situations: In Conclusion: While there might be specific niche scenarios where a cascading … Continue reading

North America’s (discarded) Water Project

In 1961 Ralph Parsons, a prominent engineer based in Los Angeles, devised a continental-scale project called the North American Water and Power Alliance (NAWAPA). Though it was never built, memory of its scale and purpose – to end Southern California droughts forever – remains a beacon of inspiration. “Water is … Continue reading

Desertification

Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry subhumid areas, leading to a reduction in biological productivity. It’s not the expansion of existing deserts, but rather the process by which fertile land becomes increasingly dry and unproductive. This process is often caused by a combination of natural … Continue reading

Desertification

Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry subhumid areas, leading to a reduction in biological productivity. It’s not the expansion of existing deserts, but rather the process by which fertile land becomes increasingly dry and unproductive. This process is often caused by a combination of natural … Continue reading

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