Eswatini, formally the Kingdom of Eswatini, also known by its former official names Swaziland and the Kingdom of Swaziland, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is bordered by South Africa on all sides except the northeast, where it shares a border with Mozambique.

Eswatini’s energy mix relies heavily on imported electricity—primarily from South Africa (Eskom)—which accounts for over 60–80% of supply. Domestically, electricity is generated through a mix of hydropower (approx. 51%), biomass/waste (41%), and solar. The nation is actively working to reduce this dependency, targeting 100% self-sufficiency by 2034 through increased renewable, biomass, and potential nuclear energy.

Plans exist for an eco-industrial park focusing on the production of green hydrogen, biodiesel, and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Eswatini is part of the broader Southern African efforts to develop green hydrogen, aiming for sustainable development and reduced reliance on fossil fuels. Eswatini is also actively engaging in the feasibility and planning stages of a sustainable, localized green hydrogen ecosystem.

As of 2026, Eswatini is not producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.