Turkmenistan’s energy mix is almost exclusively dominated by natural gas, which constitutes over 75% of total primary energy supply and nearly 100% of electricity generation. As a major global gas exporter with the world’s fourth-largest reserves, the nation has a negligible share of renewables (roughly 0.02% hydropower).

Turkmenistan is positioning itself for a sustainable energy transition by exploring green hydrogen production, aiming to diversify its fossil fuel-dependent economy. With high solar potential (2500-3000 hours annually), the nation is developing, in collaboration with international partners, pilot projects for green hydrogen and exploring hydrogen technologies, focusing on renewable energy integration.

With abundant solar resources, there is a focus on using solar energy to power water electrolysis for green hydrogen. A pilot project for green hydrogen generation using a 100 MW photovoltaic station has been proposed, with potential to produce over 2,300 tons of green hydrogen annually.