Colombia’s hydro-based electricity accounts for 55-80% of supply; however, it is heavily reliant on fossil fuels for transport and industry, with oil accounting for 42%. The hydro power makes the grid vulnerable to El Niño droughts.

Colombia is also positioning itself as a leader in Latin American green hydrogen, targeting 1-3 GW of electrolysis capacity by 2030 and over 30 projects underway. The Ministry of Mines and Energy states that Colombia is interested in green hydrogen, however it does not list any ongoing projects.

Colombia has confirmed significant natural (“white”) hydrogen discoveries in the Cordillera Oriental and Sinú-San Jacinto basins, marking a major milestone in Latin America. Studies, including data from the Macanal-1X well (36,110 ppm H2), indicate potential for low-cost, emission-free, naturally occurring hydrogen. The government is developing a regulatory framework for exploration.

China’s main source of energy is (still) coal, which provides over 60% of power generation. However, it is simultaneously the world leader in renewable energy installation. China has installed more solar and wind capacity than the rest of the world combined. In 2024, 356 gigawatts (GW) of non-hydro renewable capacity was added, with 277 GW from solar alone. China is the world’s largest oil importer, and natural gas is the fastest-growing fuel.

China is also rapidly scaling up green hydrogen to achieve carbon neutrality, targeting 100-130 million tons of annual demand by 2060. It is the world’s largest hydrogen producer and consumer. Large-scale projects are underway, including the integrated green hydrogen-ammonia-methanol project in Jilin province, which aims to produce 45,000 tons of green hydrogen annually. China houses six of the top 10 global electrolyzer manufacturers.

In December 2024, Sinopec completed construction of China’s first factory-scale research project for producing green hydrogen directly from seawater at its Qingdao Refinery in Shandong Province. This breakthrough technology bypasses the traditional need for freshwater desalination.

The Rizhao Project (Dec 2025) is a world-first facility that produces both fresh water and green hydrogen as a byproduct using low-grade waste heat.

Testing of direct seawater electrolysis has also been conducted on offshore wind turbine platforms in Fujian and Guangdong provinces.

Chad is a landlocked country in Africa; therefore, it cannot produce green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater. As of 2026, white hydrogen deposits have not been found in Chad.

The Central African Republic is a landlocked country; therefore, it cannot produce green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Canada’s energy sources are diverse. Hydroelectric accounts for approximately 60% of electric generation in British Columbia, Manitoba, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador. Nuclear power (13-15% of electricity) is concentrated in Ontario. Natural gas and fossil fuels (approximately 15-18% of electricity) is primarily used in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and in other provinces. Wind is the fastest-growing renewable source, particularly in Quebec and Ontario. As of 2026 there is no information indicating that Canada is producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Cameroon’s main source of electricity is hydropower. Natural gas and oil make up remaining electricity generation. There is significant untapped potential for solar and wind, particularly in the northern regions. As of 2026 there is no indication that the country is producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Cambodia’s energy policy does not include a program to produce green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Cape Verde is a ten-island independent archipelago of the coast of West Africa. It relies on imported petroleum products for about 80% of its energy. Renewables account for over 20% of electricity generation, primarily wind and solar. As of 2026 the country’s website has not disclosed a program to produce green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Burundi is a landlocked nation on the east side of Lake Tanganyika in Africa. It cannot produce green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Burkina Faso is a landlocked nation; therefore, it cannot produce green hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater. Burkina Faso has no known white hydrogen wells.