Eritrea’s energy mix is dominated by traditional biomass, which accounts for over 75% of the total energy supply, followed by imported oil. Electricity generation relies heavily on fossil fuels (~90% oil), with a growing, yet small, share of renewables, primarily solar and wind projects like the Assab Wind Farm.

Eritrea has the potential to develop a green hydrogen sector, driven by significant solar and coastal wind resources. Eritrea faces competition from more established African nations, such as Namibia and Egypt, which are moving faster toward large-scale production.

As of 2026 Eritrea is not producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.