Uzbekistan’s energy mix is heavily reliant on fossil fuels, with natural gas accounting for approximately 82-86% of electricity generation and total primary energy supply as of 2023-2024. The country is rapidly transitioning, aiming for 30% renewable electricity by 2030 (including solar, wind, and hydro) to diversify away from aging gas infrastructure.

Uzbekistan is rapidly advancing its green hydrogen sector, aiming to produce 3,000 tons annually starting in 2025, with a major $88 million pilot project in the Tashkent region led by Saudi Arabia’s ACWA Power. Supported by extensive solar and wind resources, the country aims to decarbonize industry, specifically targeting ammonia-based fertilizer production, while reducing reliance on natural gas. The next phase involves using this hydrogen to produce up to 500,000 tons of green ammonia per year. The project includes a 52 MW wind farm to power the electrolysis, with plans for much larger, gigawatt-scale, renewable energy projects.

International cooperation includes ACWA Power, PowerChina, and initiatives to build local green hydrogen expertise.