Zimbabwe’s energy mix is heavily reliant on biomass (wood fuel) for residential heating and cooking (approx. 60–70% of total supply), while electricity generation depends primarily on coal and hydropower. The country faces chronic power shortages due to aging infrastructure, low water levels at Kariba Dam, and a ~1200 MW supply against ~2000 MW demand. Solar is growing, particularly for farming irrigation and industrial use, to reduce strain on the grid.

Zimbabwe is advancing green hydrogen development to combat energy shortages and drive decarbonization.