Singapore’s energy mix is heavily dominated by natural gas, which accounts for approximately 93% to 95% of its electricity generation as of early 2025. While the nation is aggressively expanding its renewable capacity, particularly solar, non-fossil sources currently contribute less than 5% of the total electricity supply.

Singapore is rapidly advancing its green hydrogen strategy to meet up to half of its electricity demand by 2050 and achieve net-zero emissions. By 2026, Singapore will start incorporating hydrogen into its energy mix, with key projects including imported green ammonia/hydrogen, development of nine hydrogen-compatible power plants by 2030, and the nation’s largest electrolyzer on Jurong Island.

As of February 2026, there’s no information indicating that Singapore is producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Sierra Leone’s energy mix is heavily dominated by traditional biomass (wood, charcoal) for cooking, while electricity generation relies on a mix of hydropower (approx. 75–90%) and imported fossil fuels (thermal/diesel). With only ~30% of the population having electricity access, the country is expanding renewable capacity, aiming for a 2035 mix of 55% hydro, 30% thermal, and 15% solar.

Sierra Leone is exploring green hydrogen, primarily focusing on producing green ammonia for local fertilizer production to boost agriculture and stabilize renewable energy output. Utilizing renewable resources like hydropower, this initiative aims to decrease reliance on imported fossil-fuel-based fertilizers, potentially offering significant economic returns. The country is part of regional green hydrogen programs in West Africa.

As of February 2026, there’s no information indicating that Sierra Leone is producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Seychelles’ energy mix is heavily dominated by imported fossil fuels (mostly diesel and fuel oil), which account for over 85% of electricity generation. Renewable energy, primarily solar PV and some wind, contributes about 5-15% of the total, with targets to reach 15% by 2030 and 50% by 2050. The nation is actively transitioning towards green energy to reduce reliance on imports.

Seychelles is exploring green hydrogen as a sustainable energy solution to reduce its heavy reliance on imported fossil fuels, with recent initiatives focusing on production and export opportunities to support a cleaner, carbon-neutral economy. As of 2025/2026, the country is actively working to attract investment for renewable energy projects, including green hydrogen.

Serbia’s energy mix is heavily dominated by fossil fuels, specifically lignite coal, which accounts for approximately 60-70% of its electricity generation as of early 2026. The country is currently in the early stages of a strategic transition toward renewable energy and potentially nuclear power to meet its 2050 decarbonization goals.

The country aims to commence green hydrogen production by 2025, with usage estimates ranging from 0.5% to 3% by 2035. Projections suggest that 2%–8% of the total electricity produced in Serbia may be used to produce green hydrogen by 2050.

As of February 2026, HyDSerbia is a pilot project under development.

Senegal’s energy mix is heavily dominated by imported oil, accounting for roughly 85% of electricity generation in 2023. However, the country is rapidly integrating renewables, including solar and wind, and transitioning towards natural gas for power generation, targeting 30% renewable energy capacity as it aims for universal electricity access by 2025.

Senegal is emerging as a potential West African green hydrogen hub, leveraging high solar and wind resources (1,800-2,200 k Wh/m²/year) to produce low-carbon fuel. Driven by partnerships and firms like Hydrogen Senegal, projects focus on using electrolysis to produce hydrogen and ammonia for local industry and export.

As of February 2026, there is no information indicating that Senegal is producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.

Saudi Arabia’s energy mix is currently dominated by fossil fuels, with approximately 98% of electricity generated from natural gas and oil. As of 2024, the mix is roughly 66% oil and 34% natural gas, though the Kingdom is aggressively diversifying under Vision 2030, aiming for a 50% renewable energy share and 50% gas for electricity generation by 2030.

Saudi Arabia is rapidly positioning itself as a global leader in green hydrogen, leveraging its massive solar and wind resources to diversify its economy away from oil as part of Vision 2030. The Kingdom is currently constructing what is set to be the world’s largest utility-scale green hydrogen plant in NEOM, with a second, even larger mega-project recently announced for Yanbu.

São Tomé and Príncipe’s energy mix is heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels, with approximately 90-95% of electricity generated from diesel generators. While the country aims to achieve 50% renewable energy by 2030, current renewable sources, primarily hydropower (e.g., Contador) and solar (Santo Amaro), are limited.

São Tomé and Príncipe is focusing on transitioning to a sustainable, climate-resilient energy system, with initiatives aimed at integrating renewable energy sources that could underpin future green hydrogen production. The country is working with international partners to develop renewable energy capacity and enhance energy efficiency, setting the stage for green technologies.

San Marino is almost entirely dependent on imported electricity (primarily from Italy) and fossil fuels, lacking significant internal power generation, with 0% domestic renewable electricity generation reported in recent, comprehensive data. The energy mix relies heavily on imported natural gas and oil, with, notably, 0% electricity production from fossil fuels, renewables, or nuclear reported as of 2022, highlighting reliance on external grids. The country is working toward sustainability through projects in solar, wind, and geothermal, aiming to reduce consumption and emissions.

San Marino is included in international discussions and surveys regarding the adoption of green hydrogen as a clean energy future, alongside other nations evaluating renewable-powered electrolysis for decarbonization. While not a major producer yet, it is listed among countries participating in global green hydrogen initiatives.

Samoa’s energy mix is transitioning from heavy diesel dependence toward renewables, with roughly 60%–70% of electricity currently generated from imported fossil fuels and 30%–40% from renewables (hydropower, solar, and biofuels). The country aims for 100% renewable electricity generation to reduce reliance on imported fuel.

Samoa is exploring green hydrogen as a potential long-term, sustainable energy solution to reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels for electricity and transportation. While early studies indicate that hydrogen-based systems are not yet cost-competitive with Samoa’s current electricity prices, it remains a key focus for future renewable energy storage.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines’ energy mix is heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels, which comprise approximately 81-87% of electricity generation, primarily via diesel. Renewables make up about 13-19% of the mix, featuring 5.6 MW of hydropower and growing solar PV, with a target to reach 60% renewable energy by 2030, driven by planned geothermal projects.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines is exploring green hydrogen as part of the Caribbean’s renewable energy transition, with initiatives aimed at leveraging geothermal and other resources for sustainability. While specific, large-scale projects are still emerging, the nation is positioned to explore hydrogen to enhance energy security, decarbonize, and foster economic growth.

As of February 2026, there is no information indicating that St. Vincent and the Grenadines is producing green hydrogen from electrolysis of seawater.